HOW TO SAVE "PEARL" AT THE SEA.
HOW TO SAVE "PEARL" AT THE SEA.
VLADIMIR KNYAZEV,
After cool, noisy and zagazovannoj Moscow Gelendzhik
It seems an earthly paradise. It amazes with pacifying silence, excites
Cleanliness of mountain-sea air, densely infused on a smell
Fading fruit trees, and caressing warm the sun and
Attracts to a water smooth surface. However, wishing to be freshened in the sea while
For some reason is not present, though water temperature quite approaching. It is not visible
And fans of fishing - it would seem, the integral attribute
Coasts of silent resort small town.
In completion to it the parlourmaid who has placed me in
Hotel room, has unostentatiously warned: "Water from under the crane
To drink I do not recommend. A shower only in the morning and in the evening, and that not always.
To bathe in the sea refrain, and that, neroven hour, a skin oblezet. And
In the rest: I wish pleasant rest ".
Anything to myself - the good beginning, I have thought and have gone down in a bar, where
The beer bottle "Baltic" has appeared twice more expensively, than in Moscow.
The next food shop has amazed with wretchedness of a choice in
Fish department. Not by hearsay knowing, that in any overland
Ivanov or Vladimir of sea gifts the abundance today is offered,
Here, at coast, such poverty seems even more
The surprising.
The first impressions were that. Already then I have learnt it, that
Potable water in the well-known city-resort not only leaves
To wish the best on the quality - it simply catastrophically not
Suffices even in inter-season period. With flow having a rest with water and
At all becomes hardly. And not only with water. It appears,
City kanalizatsionno-treatment facilities have come to the emergency
Status and for a long time mismatch volume of dumped drains.
Today already for anybody not a secret, that frequently a sewage without
Preliminary processing contrary to all ecological and sanitary
To requirements go directly to the sea.
All it not author's emotions, and the sad validity. In
Acknowledgement I result a line from the document received by me in
The state committee of the Russian Federation on preservation of the environment: "Fish
Stocks of the Gelendzhiksky bay now the trade
Values have no. Last 15-20 years in a bay the such have disappeared
Kinds, as the bull-calfe, a flounder, nalim, loban, lufar and others. It is connected
It with considerable anthropogenous loading from a city:
The river of the Sou-aran with a mouth in a northeast part of a bay renders
Pernicious negative influence, bringing in it
Mineral oil, pesticides, pathogenic microflora and fauna. In a mouth
The Sou-aran rivers live organisms are not found out at all ".
Comments as speak in such cases, izlishni. Now
Clearly, why to me advised to refrain from bathing in the sea -
Pleasure risky...
All it, naturally, spoils mood having a rest and disturbs
The city authorities. Head Gelendzhika Sergey Ozerov with alarm
Told to me about the developed emergency. But expressed
Thus full confidence that in due course the hard
Problems will manage to be resolved.
- How, if today in city treasury there is no also one
Superfluous rouble? - I have asked.
- Exclusively at the expense of the income of use of sanatoria and
Rest houses, - Sergey Pavlovich has optimistically responded.
Very much it would be desirable to believe and wish success on this way.
However, objectively estimating developing last years
Situation, involuntarily it is necessary to doubt a reality of the such
Plans. And that is why. During Soviet times Gelendzhik it is valid
Tested pilgrimage having a rest. In a city with the population nearby 56
Thousand persons for a season came two million wishing to correct
Here the health.
The ministries and departments willingly built along coast
Luxurious hotels and houses, thus it is not enough caring about
To city infrastructure - the water drain and water supply,
teploobespechenii, building of roads, development city and
Long-distance transport and many other things.
Gelendzhik and today it can not boast of developed trade,
Network decent, but cheap restaurants and cafe, sphere of the household
Services. Even the zone of beaches looks neuhozhenno and is poor. Also it is superfluous
Time testifies to that, as during the best times city
The authorities could not use all those possibilities on gathering of money,
Which were given to them by a city-resort. What to speak about
Today when stream of the Russians, wishing to have a rest in
Gelendzhike, has considerably fallen. And business not only in the economic
The crisis which has burst in the country. The opened borders have allowed
To the former Soviet people to see and compare our health resorts with
Greek, Spanish, Turkish... It has appeared, that we concede
It in comfort of hotels, trading service, attention
Attendants, uhozhennosti beaches and even cleanliness of the sea.
Yes, gelendzhiksky air is difficult for comparing with any another, but
After all one it will not be full. In the same Spain I am direct on a beach
Could reserve any fish dish, hire the car,
Instantly to call in any point of the world. And thus cost
Permits nenamnogo exceeded our Russian prices.
Having tasted all these delights, hardly Russian having a rest
Will exchange them for the worst. So, to involve, to be exact
To return, having a rest, Gelendzhiku it is necessary to solve not only
Vodno-sewer problems, but also set of others. On all it
Money is necessary, to the investment. Our poor state to give them, on
To extreme measure the next years, not in a status.
Leaves, the city-resort is doomed to slow dying?
It would not be desirable to be the pessimist, but after all and on one good
Wishes and emotions of well-being you will not construct. The concrete are necessary
Economic decisions. As last years the compelled
Idle time of health resorts has considerably aggravated also an unemployment problem.
Thousand strong guys and muzhiks cannot find today application
To the hands also do not see any prospect for tomorrow. Desperate
Position?
Pamjatuja about that Gelendzhik costs on the sea, give for a while
Let's distract from its internal problems and we will throw a look water area
All Russian Black Sea coast. Thus we will see
Sad enough picture: with disintegration of Soviet Union Russia
Has lost not only ports of Baltic, but also a considerable part
Transport system in the south, playing hardly probable not a key role in
State export-import transactions.
How it was sad, but it is necessary to ascertain: today
Practically unique exit of Russia to the southern sea
Communications still had nonfreezing ports Azovo-Black Sea
The pool, located mostly in territory kurortno -
Sanatorium zone of Krasnodar territory.
However, as have explained in general management of the state
The customer on realisation of the program of revival of a merchant marine fleet
The Russia which have remained with our country ports cannot to the full
To carry out orders of the Russian manufacturers on shipment for export
Woods, oil, coal and other raw materials and materials, and also acceptance
The import goods and the equipment. As a result an annual turnover
The Russian cargoes only in ports of Ukraine - Kerch, Ilyichevsk,
Odessa, Nikolaev, Feodosiya - makes approximately 30 million
Tons. 4 million more tons of our oil and mineral oil passes
Through Estonia. Not to miss the benefit, this small
The country has specially constructed port near Tallinn. Considering, that
Each processed ton bears profit in 10-12 dollars,
It is easy to estimate, what income of the Russian cargoes settles in
Ports of neighbouring countries. Billions dollars!
Such is the validity. And it is necessary to proceed from it. That is why on
To the government commission it is developed and in 1993 it is confirmed
"The program of revival of a merchant marine fleet of Russia". It
Provides reconstruction and upgrade already operating and
Building of new ports on Caspian sea, in gulf of Finland and on
Black sea. It will allow to increase a sea turnover of goods almost in
Two times so, to fill up the Russian treasury with billions while
Floating by dollars.
In this governmental program it is switched on and Gelendzhik, where
Also reconstruction local portopunkta is planned. It has been based
Still two centuries ago for reception passenger and cargo
malotonnazhnyh courts. The port equipment has become outdated for a long time,
Hydroconstructions mismatch the necessary world standards,
Working conditions and social questions are not solved, practically
There is no infrastructure on ecological protection.
All it insistently dictates necessity the radical
Reconstruction gelendzhikskogo port.
- Therefore we very much were delighted, when our port, practically
The unique enterprise of a city, have switched on in the governmental
The reconstruction program, - the assistant shares the opinion
The general director on Joint-Stock Company building "Gelendzhiksky
Seaport "Anatoly Budzinsky. We stand with it on a mooring,
Bearing a faint resemblance to something operating. - here these, as a matter of fact
Affairs, also it is planned to transform ruins into the modern
vysokomehanizirovannyj and ecologically safe transport
The site on service of passengers and reception of container cargoes
In volume of 800 thousand tons a year. I underline - container, instead of
Any there bulk-oil, that excludes even the slightest
Pollution by cargoes of the sea and port territory.
- Cost of this project, - my interlocutor continues, -
Makes about 150 million dollars. From them 7 million
Dollars it is supposed to allocate for clearing polluted today
Bays, the program of normal water supply Gelendzhika,
Building of modern treatment facilities, the equipment
Old and creation of new beaches. And also a construction
teplogeneratora which can provide giving additional
The electric power and heat for 10 boarding houses or others socially
Significant objects under tariffs four times below existing, and in
Case of emergency disconnect to incur maintenance especially
Important social and economic objects Gelendzhika.
The lining of a telephone cable is besides, planned
In the extent of 17,5 kilometres for the remote microdistricts
Northern and Thin Cape.
Are provided reconstruction of the airport, which today
Accepts only the smallest planes, and having a rest are compelled
To reach to us with changes, building of the modern
Highway, - my interlocutor continues.
By estimation, seaport reconstruction
Will allow to resolve as much as possible in the long term and a problem
Unemployments as in addition will appear more than thousand new
Workplaces. I will remind:
Today hardly probable not half of population Gelendzhika toils in
Searches though any earnings. So also this important
The social problem should not be dumped from the bill.
For the sake of justice it is necessary to consider and that is stable and
Is profitable working port, by estimation, will be
Annually to bring in local and federal budgets nearby 6
Millions dollars. It will allow to resolve really at last
Municipal problems to adjust development of social sphere,
To continue development of a tourist infrastructure and by that
Again to involve to Gelendzhiku interest Russian having a rest. In the
Turn, job revival while standing idle rest houses,
Sanatoria and boarding houses too will start to fill up local treasury. Here
Also it turns out: reconstruction gelendzhikskogo port will reanimate
City-resort life. The new port is, as a matter of fact, a chicken,
Bearing gold eggs!
And the more so it is surprising, that its building, first
Apprehended easy enough, has suddenly found out among the local
The population and opponents. I have met opinions of these people.
The main argument - port will break ecology, Gelendzhik will cease
To exist as a city-resort.
Caution the extremely serious. However, we will ask to speak
To opponents of the project.
V.Shenderov, the engineer Research prikavkazskogo
Institute okeangeofiziki: "to Experiment on combination
Cargo port inevitably polluting environment and a resort,
Demanding limiting cleanliness of the same Wednesday, in the conditions of the such
Enough the isolated reservoir as the Gelendzhiksky bay, it is possible
Only in the conditions of powerful state and regional
Economy. Scientific practice proves, that any experiment
Seldom it is possible at once. Additional expenses usually are required
Time and money. Often total result negative ".
N.Mamaeva, a Dr.Sci.Biol.: "Water in Gelendzhiksky
To bay I observe since 1977. It is necessary to notice, that, behind an exception
Summer season peak, it quite copes with process
Self-cleaning.
Additional pollution, and that at port expansion
It will be, no doubts are present, will not bring to a bay anything
The good! I had to happen practically in all seas and
Oceans to come into hundreds ports of civilised countries. And everywhere
The identical was observed: muddy water with rastekami mineral oil,
Other polluting components. And if still to consider, that ours
Bay very small, vulnerable it is possible to tell with confidence,
That after otsypki a shore, dnouglubitelnyh jobs
"Breath bodies" bays will get littered also all biotsenoz will be lost. Except
That, we do not know, what exactly will transport in containers,
Can be, it will be toxic or radioactive cargoes?
Then it is possible to forget about a resort in general ".
N.Antonova, the main expert of Gelendzhiksky management on
To resort and public health services: "If to consider, that pollution scales
Already now exceed possibilities of self-cleaning of a bay, after
Port commissioning the enormous damage of ours will be caused
To the nature, "the bough on which all city" sits is chopped off.
In the ardent opponent of building of new seaport
The head of a city Sergey Ozerov has turned also. I have meaningly written
"Has turned", for attentive studying of weight of documents on
To this question allows to make the conclusion, that earlier Sergey
Pavlovich that was not. Here, for example, "the meeting Report at
To the head of the city-resort of Gelendzhik Ozerove S.P. of questions
Reconstruction and buildings of Gelendzhiksky seaport "from
On December, 24th, 1998. In this paper vised by all
Participants of meeting, along with remarks on protection surrounding
Environments at a construction of new object it is directly spoken:
"At the same time the meeting considers, that reconstruction and
Port building should be carried out as a component
The general concept of development of a city as resort ".
Excuse, but who argues! The quoted sense of the mentioned
No document of anything the general has with the slogan: "to the Resort - yes, port
- No! ".
What has induced the head of a city sharply to change the opinion? At
To personal meeting to specify it to me and it was not possible. Some in
Gelendzhike are convinced:
Only on a wave of struggle against building of port it could
To win elections of mayor Gelendzhika. Others assert, that the
Ozerov has changed a position after investors have given up to it in
The right autocratically to dispose of the currency promised for needs
Cities.
However, so it or not - to prove extremely difficult. And here that,
That local authorities, using all official powers,
Actively struggles against the new project, adjusting on it and
The population, - the fact conclusive. That costs taken place in March
Last year a referendum on a question: whether "It is necessary to a city-resort
Gelendzhiku cargo port in the Gelendzhiksky bay? "Despite
Huge efforts of the power, in him has taken part less than half of all
Townsmen and a referendum it is recognised by not taken place. Nevertheless
On all public actions and in all papers dispatched in
Various high instances, officials from administration
Assert, that ALL population of a city against port building.
It, to put it mildly, mismatches the validity.
The chairman of board of directors of Joint-Stock Company "the Gelendzhiksky sea
The port "Vadim Volyntsev - the professional seaman, many years was
The captain. As a matter of fact, it he is the main originator of an alarm. But
To it have not allowed to act at public hearings on a subject
"Ecology Gelendzhika".
- Me surprises, why organizers of these hearings
Refuse to meet the project of reconstruction of port, -
Vadim Nikolaevich speaks. - When one of them has told: "What for to me
It to look, I and so I know, that it am ecologically harmful ", - I
Has thought, that these people struggle for everything, only not for
Ecology. After all if they have been interested in arguments for
The struggle, would look the project necessarily. At least for this purpose,
To protest with deep arguments.
I went on light, a sign with mutual relations much
The nature protection organisations and ports in many countries. There
"Green" do not refuse studying of those or other projects. They
Really struggle for ecology and receive good results.
In one of the world's largest ports Hamburg on a fishing tackle in
The water area can catch a trout.
- Ours gelendzhiksky the port is carried to ports of the third category
Ecological cleanliness, - continues V.Volyntsev. - After
Reconstruction to it the fifth will be appropriated, the highest category. And it
Means, that the port is obliged to be not only ecologically very pure,
But also to spend the considerable sums for nature protection job. In
The answer to this argument to us speak: "you want also port
To reconstruct, and a city the present resort to make. Where
Logic? "Yes, I want, that our city has revived as a resort. I
Here was born and has grown, I like the city. And contradictions here
No. Many known world resorts are also big
Ports. And our bay in the absence of money on nature protection
Jobs will simply silently die. It will be impossible to hide from
Having a rest, that in Gelendzhike all maximum permissible norms
Harmful substances are exceeded in tens and hundreds times. Beaches because of
It will be closed not on days-two, as now, and for months -
Or it is constant. It is necessary to it to happen at least time - health-resort visitors we
Simply we will not see, - has concluded Volyntsev.
That public hearings, to put it mildly, have turned in
Unilateral meeting, the first vice-president has noted also
Committee on preservation of the environment of Krasnodar territory by L.Jarmak.
I quote under the newspaper "Kuban today":"it would be desirable to see
Discussion of this problem in quieter and sustained
To conditions. The city should develop. With it, similar, nobody
Argues. But what the poor economy can? It is more dangerous to ecology
Only. For this reason and without port of a problem of cleanliness of a bay
Remain sharp ".
Has quite definitely expressed at this meeting and the chairman
The regional commission on transport and G.Saj's communication: "Yes, ports are
Today the most highly profitable manufacture. They are necessary. But
Such building is possible only taking into account requirements Kuban
Ecologists and only after the city population will agree with
All arguments of scientists and production workers ".
It completely agree with these judgements. But that
The population has taken out an objective verdict, it should have
The full, all-round and objective information. And here it
While just also is not present. Being in Gelendzhike, I have noted for myself such
Important detail: if to listen to opponents of building
Port to esteem their numerous petitions in various instances,
That at the ignorant person can be made impression, that all
This project is illegal, and jobs are conducted by guerrilla methods.
Moreover, "duck" that all profit received is started
Port, will leave in pockets of group of businessmen, which not
Will want to share money with a city and the state. Fondly,
Certainly, but these thoughts are rather actively spread to the population and
Having a rest.
Meanwhile by authors of the project it is collected more than hundred documents,
Beginning from the order signed then still by Victor
Tchernomyrdin, to the positive judgement,
The spent public ecological chamber Krasnodar
Regional ecological movement.
For persuasiveness I will quote the decision of ecologists of edge: "Development
Port Gelendzhik with reconstruction and building of the berthing
Piers in severo - the western part of the Gelendzhiksky bay having
The original hydrological mode of water exchange, is enough
It is ecologically proved.
Influence of projected actions on water area of a bay,
Bioresources, air pool, silitebnye and recreational zones
Minimum, and essential deterioration of ecological conditions not
Will be. Accepted constructive, technical and technological
Decisions in the FEASIBILITY REPORT and "the General scheme of development of Gelendzhiksky port"
Are proved enough from ecological positions. In the project
Effective actions for protection and protection are provided
Environment, there is a calculation of the sizes of indemnification for
Not prevented damage to an environment. Public
The ecological chamber gives out a positive estimation to the design
To decisions of development of port of Gelendzhik as ecologically pure
Port also suggests to take out this definition on the title page ".
This document together with a commission of experts was signed by the chairman
The commissions the academician of the Russian academy of natural sciences,
The corresponding member of the international academy on ecology and
Safety of ability to live, the professor V.Amelin.
"The presented materials of reconstruction and building
Gelendzhiksky seaport are developed basically in
Conformity with requirements normative and technical and
Legislative documents also can form a basis for working out
The working documentation. In design materials the estimation contains
Possible influence of seaport on environment as in
The building period, and operation, are developed
The nature protection actions providing the ecological
Admissibility of realisation of the planned activity.
The commission of experts considers admissible the provided
Influence on environment also has no objections against
Realisations of the project of reconstruction and building Gelendzhiksky
Seaport at observance of all recommendations and the organisation
Constantly operating ecological monitoring "is from
The conclusions of scientifically - industrial centre on protection surrounding
The environments, entering into the scientific coordination professional
Ecological association of UNESCO. It is asked: about what else
To independent expert appraisal there can be a speech on which so insist
Opponents of building of port?
And after all, to all other, there are positive conclusions
The state committee of the Russian Federation on protection
Environment, the project is co-ordinated with the Gossanepidnadzor centre in
Krasnodar territory, regional management on resorts and tourism,
Regional protection department of environment and natural
To resources, regional committee on protection, restoration
Historical and cultural values and even the State Office of Public Prosecutor
Russia.
In summary - the small inquiry. In dispute "a resort or port" at
Many involuntarily are associations with the transport site,
Stretched along coast on some kilometres, in the afternoon and
At night carrying hooters of steamships and a gnash of the cranes, rising
In air smoke and dust clubs.
The offered project of reconstruction gelendzhikskogo port is far
From all it. First, in Gelendzhik it is planned to deliver
Only ecologically pure cargoes in containers. Secondly, vessels
Will be got in a bay by tows, and their quantity will not be
To exceed one ship in two days.
The port will be equipped by the advanced, almost silent
The process equipment. And thirdly, extent
Coastal line of a bay makes approximately 15 kilometres, port
Will occupy only 600 metres.
And, at last, the last, that would be desirable to tell in connection with
Position of opponents of reconstruction gelendzhikskogo port. For
The past decade Russian "green" have gathered the big force and
Public authority. They actively participate in study
Practically all civil-engineering designs of the new industrial
Objects. Obviously and another: at times their superoverestimated requirements
To ecological parametres of this or that building
The enterprises run counter to the state interests.
That case, when diligence - not on mind:
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//* an information Source: Work, 2.06.99
//* Reg. Nom. - 1090600024.43-------------------------------------------
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