(A part 2). About the CONCEPT RAZVITIJAVOZDUSHNO-TRANSPORT
(A part 2). About the CONCEPT RAZVITIJAVOZDUSHNO-TRANSPORT
SYSTEMS of the CITY of Moscow TILL 2005. The application.
Degree of achievement and realisation of objects in view and problems
Developments of air-transport system of a city of Moscow will be
To depend on coordination of efforts of all interested subjects
The government - federal bodies executive
The power and authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation -
Moscow and the Moscow area.
Taking into account world experience of activity of the regional authorities in
Areas of development of air communications the basic directions
Activity of authorities of interested subjects
Federations - Moscow and the Moscow area will be:
- Participation in development of the infrastructure providing
Modern degree of quality in service of consumers
Aviatransport services, including agency, bank,
Insurance and other kinds of service;
- Participation in management and development of airports MAU;
- Maintenance of productivity of the accepted forms of protection of the rights
Consumers of aviation services:
- Participation in maintenance of safety of aviatransportations,
Prevention of acts of terrorism on air transport;
- Creation of the mechanism of ecological protection of the population and
Environment from adverse factors of the aviation
Activity.
3. Development of system of air communications of a city of Moscow and
The sphere connected with it.
3.1 Support of activity of airlines and development
Airlines.
Now Moscow is connected more than 200 regular
Airlines with cities of the Russian Federation, the CIS and distant
Abroad. The specified network of routes provides the constant
Air communication of Moscow with administrative centres and
Large cities of Russia, the CIS and other countries. At the same time
The system of the local existing earlier is practically broken
The air-lines, connecting Moscow with the regional centres and
Cities of the next regions.
Existing airlines are maintained Russian and
Foreign airlines. 80 % of volume of aviatransportations
It is carried out by the Russian enterprises-air carriers.
In Moscow it is registered 45 airlines which are carrying out
The activity in the market of air transportation.
The tendency to redistribution of volumes of transportations takes place
In the Moscow market in favour of regional airlines. In that
Number transfer to regional air carriers of some most
Profitable routes from the airports of the Moscow aviasite, not
Connected with a place of their basing.
Though the question of licensing of airlines concerns conducting
The special representative of federal body of the executive
The authorities - Ministry of Transport of Russia, it is directly connected with
Regional interests as defines a direction
Receipts of incomes of operation of airlines and requirement in
Quantity of workplaces.
Demand for passenger aviatransportations in MAU is satisfied.
At the same time there is a seasonal excess of demand on
Some directions, not provided with possibilities
Air carriers that is connected first of all from them
Limited provoznymi in capacities.
More dynamical rates, in comparison with passenger,
The cargo aviatransportations having great value develop
For development of the international and internal economic relations
Moscow.
The most significant general problem of airlines,
The providing aircraft service of a city, as well as others
The Russian air carriers, the updating problem is
Park of air courts.
The basic directions of participation of a city in system development
Air communications in a sphere of activity
The enterprises-air carriers are:
- Assistance to development of system of air communications of a city
Moscow with administrative centres and cities of other regions
And the countries;
- Participation in perfection of system of the state
Regulations of the market of air communications of Moscow and support
The Moscow airlines at licensing of airlines;
- Support of the Moscow airlines which are carrying out
Updating of park of air courts, and participation in the state
To the program of leasing domestic aircraft technicians;
- Assistance to creation of associations (alliances) domestic
And the foreign airlines, allowing to provide conditions
For satisfaction of seasonal fluctuations of demand for aviatransportations
And increases transfernyh, including the international transportations.
3.2. Participation in development of the airports of the Moscow aviasite.
The major component of system of air communications of Moscow -
The airports of the Moscow aviation site which concern
The Sheremetyevo, Vnukovo, Domodedovo and Bykovo.
Complex estimation of a modern status of the specified
Elements it is given in "to the Scheme of complex development Moscow
The aviasite till 2015 ", developed in 2001 under the task
The governments of the Russian Federation. According to it
Existing basic technological capacities of the airports
Provide actual volume of aviatransportations, however
Are used irrationally. At nedozagruzhennosti air field
Both aerostation complexes of airports Vnukovo and Domodedovo in
To the airport of the Sheremetyevo they function on a limit of the
Possibilities.
At the complex approach the available 7 runway
Strips of the Moscow aviasite provide the developed
Intensity of flights, and also settlement quantity
Runway operations on intermediate term prospect (to
2015). Building of new runways in
Airports MAU during this period it is not required.
Passenger complexes of the airports (except the airport
Domodedovo) demand as increase in operating capacities
(The Sheremetyevo, sector MVL in Vnukovo), and carrying out
Urgent jobs on upgrade for the purpose of radical increase
Level of the service connected with service of passengers.
All airports MAU possess reserve capacities on
To service of cargo aviatransportations.
The existing transport infrastructure does not provide
Delivery of air passengers from Moscow in the airports and transit
Transportations between the airports with the minimum expenses of time.
Insufficient throughput of the Lenin prospectus,
The Kiev highway, Kashirsky highway, the Leningrad prospectus and
The Leningrad highway leads to excessive complication
Road conditions, to motor transport delays in a way and
To untimely arrival in the airports.
Comparison of the general volumes of passenger traffic and cumulative quantity
Runway operations of the airports of a city of Moscow with others
Large cities of the world shows, that they it is considerable
Concede not only the similar city aeroport
To systems, but also the separate airports entering into them.
Moscow, occupying favourable geopolitical position on
Intercontinental lines Europe - Pacific region and
The North America - Asia actually does not use the
Potential of the large international transit site.
Share of transients from their general quantity in
Airports MAU makes no more than 5 %, while in
The airports of Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Paris and other cities
The Western Europe it exceeds 40 %.
The estimation finished now by federal bodies
Technical possibilities of development of the airports and most
Rational use of available capacities has defined
General strategic prospect MAU which assumes
Preservation in an operational status of all airports
The Moscow aviasite, and also development of airports Vnukovo,
Domodedovo and the Sheremetyevo, proceeding from growth of volumes of transportations and
Intensity of movement of air courts. Thus
Are limited in existing volumes passenger and cargo
Transportations at airport Bykovo.
Available reserve capacities and prospects of the further
Developments of basic airports MAU - Vnukovo, Domodedovo and
The Sheremetyevo allow to limit commercial transportations with
Use of airdromes state and experimental
Aircraft, and also airdromes of joint basing, and in
The first turn, rendering the adverse ecological
Influence on residential areas. Number of the last concerns
Airport Ostafevo, which development corresponds only
To corporate interests. Thus main principle
The further development of airports MAU should become complex
The approach assuming consideration of all airports as
Elements uniform "aviation system and providing
Rational use of all available capacities.
Realisation of this principle in conditions, when airports MAU
Represent the independent enterprises which are carrying out
Independent economic activities and competing the friend with
The friend, it is practically impossible.
Airports MAU under the status and territorial
Accessories infringe on economic interests of three
Subjects of the government - the Russian Federation,
Cities of Moscow and the Moscow area. Each of them operates
Proceeding from the interests, not having the general co-ordinated
Programs.
Problems of complex development of airports MAU, transformation
It in the transit site of world value in what it is direct
The regional authorities are interested both federal, and,
Are impossible without harmonisation and the coordination of interests of all
The parties. On the decision of this question depends as achievement most
The purposes of development MAU, and rates of advancement to it.
Transformation of airports MAU into a uniform functional complex
With one operating company which is under the control
The federal and regional authorities and allocated with powers
To operate all property and the earth of all airports, to spend
The uniform commercial policy providing reception
The maximum economic benefit, is defining
The purpose of a policy of the Government of Moscow concerning development
The Moscow aviation site.
The major stage and the mechanism of achievement of this purpose can
To become creation under the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation
FGUP "Administration of the civil airports (airdromes)".
Besides, to realisation of the given purpose will promote
Creation of constantly operating uniform advisory
Body of three authorities (the Government of the Russian Federation,
The governments of Moscow and the Government of the Moscow area),
Which will provide coordination of actions of subjects of the power in
The relation of development of the airports and the problems connected with them
Territories.
Along with achievement of this purpose by the basic directions
Politicians of a city of Moscow concerning upgrade, developments and
Perfection of the airports and aeroport activity
Are:
- Maintenance of the fast, reliable transport message
The airports with Moscow, the Moscow area and among themselves, and
Also improvement of transport service of air passengers;
- Assistance to development of not aviation activity in
The airports and to increase in a share of their incomes at the expense of the specified
Spheres;
- The decision together with the federal and regional authorities
And administrations of the airports of problems in the field of ecology,
The airports connected with functioning;
- Participation in upgrade and creation of the new technological
Complexes at the airports;
- Assistance to creation on the basis of MAU the large transit site
(Hub) providing convenient joinings of flights for
Consumers of aviatransport services in the basic directions
Aviatransportations;
- Creation of favorable conditions for activity
The airports promoting increase of volumes of transportations
Air passengers, cargoes and mail, to increase of level of safety
Aviatransportations;
- Infrastructure creation, development of system of services and
Formation of favorable conditions for functioning
Business aircraft.
The basic directions and forms of realisation of the listed
Above problems are:
In the field of development of an infrastructure of the transport message
Cities with the airports and between the airports:
- Increase of throughput of the existing
Automobile routes by reconstruction of roads and
Buildings of transport constructions according to
City and regional programs dorozhno-bridge
Buildings;
- Building of new highways on directions, not
Providing demanded intensity of the automobile
Messages;
- Redistribution of passenger streams and part removal
Existing loading on automobile routes by development
Other modern types of transport (railway,
Monorail, etc.) and uses of new technologies
Registration of passengers on final points of routes in a city with
The subsequent delivery directly to a board of the air
Vessel.
Direct problems of development of the transport message
With the city airports are:
To airport Vnukovo:
- Reconstruction of the Kiev highway from state farm "Moscow" to
"Vnukovo" with expansion of a highway to 4 strips in one
Direction;
- Expansion of Bohr highway from settlement "Rasskazovka" to
"Vnukovo" to 3 lanes;
- Building of transport constructions on Leninsk
The prospectus;
- Creation of high-speed monorail transport system;
To the Sheremetyevo airport:
- Expansion of the Leningrad highway to turn on
The Sheremetyevo-2 to 4 lanes in each direction with
Building of transport constructions;
- Building of highway Ostankino - Khimki in Moscow and
Detour of of Khimki to MKAD on 3 - 4 lanes in everyone
Direction;
- Creation of high-speed railway transport system,
Connecting the airport of the Sheremetyevo with Moscow;
To the Domodedovo airport:
- Reconstruction of transport constructions on Kashirsky highway
Within a city;
- Increase of throughput of the railway
Messages on a direction Paveletsky station - the airport
Domodedovo by upgrade existing and creations of the new
Infrastructures.
Improvement of the transport message between the airports and
Creation of conditions for transformation MAU into central "hub" can
To be reached:
- At the first stage - at the expense of increase in extent
Created transport system Moscow - the Sheremetyevo to
Airports Vnukovo and Domodedovo;
- In the subsequent by - creations of direct routes (out of
City agglomerations), connecting the airports among themselves, on
To basis of new types of transport (monorail, etc.).
The complex decision of the specified problems in the field of development
The transport infrastructure, demanding attraction
Considerable investments, can be realised under a condition
The consolidated participation in their decision of federal bodies
Executive power and authorities of subjects Russian
Federations - Moscow and the Moscow area, and also means
Budgets of corresponding levels.
In the field of creation of favorable conditions for activity
The airports:
- Creation of preferential modes of land tenure for
The airports, switching on privokzalnye the areas;
- Reservation of the earths providing the perspective
Development of the airports according to their general plans.
In the field of development of technological complexes of the airports:
- Participation together with the airports in creation new and
Upgrades of the existing objects concerning sphere
Service of passengers, including aerostation complexes,
Parkings, hotels and other objects of service of service;
- Development existing and creation of new complexes
Business aircraft, including passenger terminals, complexes
Maintenance service of air courts of business aircraft and
Another;
- Creation of an infrastructure and development of technologies of performance
Operations on registration of passengers, processing of luggage and
Deliveries of passengers by modern types of transport.
3.3. Directions of development of the market of realisation of the aviatransport
And other accompanying services.
In Moscow for last decade it is created and it is active
The significant amount of the structural operates
sistemoobrazujushchih the elements necessary for maintenance of the market
Realisations of aviatransportations, including a wide network of agencies,
Carrying out booking and sale of aviatransportations,
The automated systems of booking (ASB) and
Directory systems. The transport clearing
Chamber (TKP), providing functioning of systems
Statisticans, schedules, tariffs and vzaimoraschetov on the sold
To aviatransportations between agents and airlines of Russia and the countries
THE CIS.
Quantity of the specialised operating in Moscow
Agencies, and also the travel agencies which are carrying out
Sale of regular and charter aviatransportations, practically
Completely satisfy available demand for the given services, as
On internal, and under foreign aviamessages. However not
All points of sale are equipped by the modern equipment, nearby
Agencies sale in the places which have been not adapted is carried out
For this purpose, infringements of rules of registration of forms are supposed
Air tickets etc. The control over activity is insufficient
Sale points in the city of Moscow.
Problems of the specified segment of the market of aviatransport services
Are first of all in sphere of technologies of sales, not in the full
To measure corresponding to the international standards, also are connected with
Insufficient level of development of the Russian systems of booking,
Their weak compatibility among themselves.
Mechanisms of protection of the rights of its participants operating in the market
Are directed basically on maintenance of guarantees
To air carriers, to a lesser degree agencies and actually
In any way do not protect interests of the consumer - the passenger.
Established by many airlines on internal flights
Low time interval between booking and sale
Air tickets actually does not give possibility to use service
Preliminary booking.
Insufficient information availability of operating schemes
Construction of tariffs of airlines actually deprives of the consumer
Possibilities of an effective and convenient choice at acquisition
Aviatransportations.
One of the main tasks of the further development of the market of sale
Aviatransport services creation domestic is
Aviation distributive system of booking (ARS),
Constructed by the international principles and technologies,
Put in pawn in leading foreign systems of a similar class.
Commissioning of such system can essentially expand
Possibilities of consumers of aviatransport services to provide
Protection of information safety of the country, and also
To promote prevention of acts of terrorism.
Perspective directions of development of the market of sale
Aviatransportations are also use
The Internet technologies allowing the consumer (passenger)
To receive the information on the schedule of flights, to carry out
The order and booking of air tickets at any time in
On-line mode, realisation of sale of the electronic
Air tickets and use of electronic calculations.
Despite certain achievements, in the market of aviatransportations
Actually there is no organised market of booking and
Sales of freight traffic, and charter transportations
Are carried out without the control of transported passengers and payment,
That in modern conditions can put safety of the country
Serious loss.
//* an information Source: Tver, 13, 6.06.02
//* Reg. Nom. - 1120600052.49-------------------------------------------
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